COMPUTER SCIENCE

  Q1. The energy gap in a semiconductor is typically of the order of: a) 10 eV b) 5 eV c) 1 eV ✅ d) 0.01 eV Q2. A PN junction acts as a: a) Rectifier ✅ b) Amplifier c) Oscillator d) Filter Q3. In forward bias, the width of the depletion region: a) Increases b) Decreases ✅ c) Remains constant d) Becomes zero Q4. In reverse bias, the current through a PN junction is mainly due to: a) Majority carriers b) Minority carriers ✅ c) Both d) None Q5. A transistor can be used as a: a) Switch ✅ b) Resistor c) Capacitor d) Diode Q6. The configuration of a transistor that provides the highest current gain is: a) Common Base b) Common Collector c) Common Emitter ✅ d) None of these Q7. TTL stands for: a) Transistor Transistor Logic ✅ b) Transistor Tuned Logic c) Triode Transistor Logic d) Transient Trigger Logic Q8. Which of the following logic families has the lowest power consumption? a) TTL b) ECL c) CMOS ✅ d) RTL Q9. In a digital circuit, a diode can act as a: a) Amplifier b) Switch ✅ c) Filt...

                                                                      UNIT – I: Fundamentals of Semiconductor Physics Short Answer / 2 Marks Questions Q1.What is the difference between a conductor, semiconductor, and insulator based on energy bands? Q2. Define intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors. Q3. What is a depletion region in a pn-junction diode? Q4.What happens to a pn-junction diode under forward bias and reverse bias? Q5. What is the use of a diode as a switch? Q6. Define transistor and its types. Q7. What are the three configurations of a BJT? Q8. Define saturation and cutoff region of a transistor. Q9.What are Integrated Circuits (ICs)? Q10.Compare TTL, ECL, and CMOS logic families (any two differences). Long Answer / 5–10 Marks Questions Q11. Explain the formation of ...

  Q1.Which of the following is not a characteristic of a computer? a) Accuracy b) Diligence c) Intelligence d) Speed → Answer: c) Intelligence Q2.The first generation of computers used a) Transistors b) Vacuum tubes c) Integrated Circuits d) Microprocessors → Answer: b) Vacuum tubes Q3. Which of the following is a microcomputer? a) Laptop b) Mainframe c) Supercomputer d) Minicomputer → Answer: a) Laptop Q4. The ALU of a computer performs a) Logic and arithmetic operations b) Storage functions c) Data transfer d) Input-output operations → Answer: a) Logic and arithmetic operations Q5. The brain of a computer is: a) CPU b) Monitor c) Keyboard d) Hard Disk → Answer: a) CPU Q6. Which component interprets and executes instructions? a) Control Unit b) ALU c) Memory Unit d) Input Unit → Answer: a) Control Unit Q7. The speed of the processor is measured in a) Hertz b) Bits c) Bytes d) Seconds → Answer: a) Hertz Q8. Which of the following represents the fifth generation of computers? a) Vac...

 Q1. What is OOP? Ans Object-Oriented Programming focuses on objects and classes rather than procedures. Q2.What is a class? Ans A class is a blueprint for creating objects. Q3. What is an object? Ans An object is an instance of a class. Q4. What is encapsulation? Ans Encapsulation is binding data and methods together in a single unit. Q5.What is inheritance? Ans Inheritance allows a class to acquire properties and behavior of another class. Q6. What is polymorphism? Ans The ability of functions or operators to behave differently based on context. Q7. What is overloading? Ans. Defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameters. Q8. How is C related to C++? Ans. C++ is an extension of C that adds object-oriented features. Q9. What is the use of cout? Ans cout is used for displaying output on the screen. Q10 What is the use of cin? Ans cin is used for taking input from the user. Q11. What is a preprocessor directive? Ans A statement that begins with # and is proc...

                                                                                                                         UNIT-1 Q1. What is the need for Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)? Q2. Explain the differences between the procedural and object-oriented approach. Q3. What are the main characteristics of OOP? Q4.Define the following terms with examples: a) Object b) Class c) Inheritance d) Polymorphism Q5. What is reusability in OOP? Give an example. Q6. What are the advantages of OOP over structured programming? Q7. What is the relationship between C and C++? Q8.What are preprocessor directives? Give examples. Q9. Explain the us...

 Q1. Who is called the Father of Computers?    Ans  Charles Babbage. Q2. What is processor speed measured in? Ans  Hertz (Hz), usually in GHz. Q3. What are registers? Ans Small high-speed memory locations inside the CPU. Q4. What is the full form of ALU? Ans Arithmetic Logic Unit. Q5. What is EPROM? Ans Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. Q6. What does CD-R stand for? Ans Compact Disc – Recordable. Q7. What does DVD stand for? Ans Digital Versatile Disc. Q8. What is OCR? Ans Optical Character Recognition – reads printed text. Q9. What is OMR? Ans Optical Mark Recognition – reads marks on answer sheets or forms. Q10. What is MICR? Ans Magnetic Ink Character Recognition – used in bank cheques. Q11. What is a joystick? Ans  A pointing device used for gaming and simulation. Q12. What is a digitizer? Ans Converts drawings into digital data. Q13. What is a CRT monitor? Ans Cathode Ray Tube monitor – uses electron beams to display images. Q14. What is an LCD m...

                                                                                                                                                                     UNIT-1   Q1 . Explain the block diagram of a computer system and describe the functions of each component in detail. Q2.   Describe the different generations of computers and discuss the major technological developments in each generation. Q3. Compare the different types of computers – micro, mini, mainframe, and supercomput...