COMPUTER SCIENCE

DATA WAREHOUSE Data warehouse is a collection of data that support decision making processes. It provide the following features are ·         Subject oriented ·         Consistent ·         Shows its evaluations over time ·         Non volatile A data warehouse is a central location where consolidated data from multiple locations are stored. It is like a relational database design for analytical processing. DATA WAREHOUSING Data warehousing is the act of organizing data and storing data in a way so as to make its retrieval efficient and insightful. Also called data as the process of transferring   data into information. Is a collection of method, techniques, and tools to support knowledge workers to conduct data analysis that help with performing decision making process and improving information resources.

A typical computer system irrespective of its size, class or type consists of hardware and software, integrated and synchronized together to perform computational work or data processing. Computer anatomy is concerned with the way the various functional units operate and how they connected together to form the computer system. A computer system consists of the following functional units : 1)  Input unit 2) Memory/Storage unit 3) CPU(central processing unit) 4) Output unit

A system is defined as a set of interacting elements, responding to inputs so as to produce outputs. The computer system also consists of the following elements or components. Software Hardware Firmware Humanware   Software All the intangible components of the computer system are known as software In other words, we can say that all computer programs and applications run behind the monitor screen, are known as software. Computer software is a term that describes computer programs. Example   Microsoft-windows (all operating system software) and notepad, MS office suite, window media player(application software). Software is further divided into two parts these are following 1) system software 2) application software Hardware All tangible component of a computer system is known as hardware. In other words, computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of the computer system. Example  CPU(Microprocessor), monitor, keyboard, mouse, speaker, pr

DATA AND INFORMATION There is a little difference between data and information. Data are the facts or details from which information is derived. Data  Data comes from a singular Latin word "datum" which originally meant "something given." its early usage dates back to the 1600's. Over time data has become the plural of datum. information It is a processed form of data. In other words, when data is processed, organized, structured and useful. For e.g. 32 is data and age 32 is information. Which means information is understandable form.

Computer  registers are  very fast computer memory type, used to store data/instruction. A computer  Register  is a group of flip-flops with each flip-flop capable of storing  one bit  of information. An  n-bit  register has a group of  n flip-flops  and is capable of storing binary information of  n-bits . A register consists of a group of flip-flops and gates. The flip-flops hold the binary information and gates control when and how new information is transferred into a register. Various types of registers are available commercially. The simplest register is one that consists of only flip-flops with no external gates. Following are some commonly used registers: Accumulator : This is the most common register, used to store data taken out from the memory. General Purpose Registers : This is used to store data intermediate results during program execution. It can be accessed via assembly programming. Special Purpose Registers : Users do not access these registers. These registers a

The computer has applications in almost every aspect of life. Some of the important ones are: Business Banking Insurance Education Marketing Healthcare Engineering design Defense Communication Governments Medicine Entertainment Home Sports Business A computer has a high speed of calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability, or versatility which has made it an integrated part in all business organizations. The computer is used in business organizations for − Payroll calculations Budgeting Sales analysis Financial forecasting Managing employee database Maintenance of stocks, etc. Banking Today, banking is almost totally dependent on computers. Banks provide the following facilities − Online accounting facility, which includes checking current balance, making deposits and overdrafts, checking interest charges, shares, and trustee records. ATM machines that are completely automated are making it even easier for customers to deal with ban

Types of computer There are various methods on which computers can be classified. The classification may depend upon the size, technology, area, of application, type of data processed, etc. Generally, computers are divided into three main parts, These three are followings: Analog computers Hybrid computers Digital computers Analog computers An  analog computer  or  analogous computer  is a form of  computer  that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as  electrical ,  mechanical , or  hydraulic  quantities to  model  the problem being solved.  Analog computers are computers that work on continuous data. Analog computers are used to measure physical quantities like pressure, temperature, speed, etc. Analog computers were widely used in scientific and industrial applications where digital computers of the time lacked sufficient performance. Analog computers can have a very wide range of complexity. Analog computers are

Till today there are five generations of computers."Generation" in computer talk is a step in technology. It provides a framework(structure) for the growth of the computer industry. It was used to distinguish between various hardware and software technologies in the development of the computer i.e. due to technological advancement different changes have come in the computer system. 1940 – 1956:  First Generation – Vacuum Tubes These early computers used vacuum tubes as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. As a result they were enormous, literally taking up entire rooms and costing a fortune to run. These were inefficient materials that generated a lot of heat, sucked huge electricity and subsequently generated a lot of heat which caused ongoing breakdowns. These first-generation computers relied on ‘machine language’ (which is the most basic programming language that can be understood by computers). These computers were limited to solving one problem at a tim

The characteristics of computers that have made them so powerful and universally useful are speed, accuracy, diligence, versatility, and storage capacity. Let us discuss them briefly. Speed: -  As you know the computer can work very fast. It takes only a few seconds for calculations that we take hours to complete. You will be surprised to know that a computer can perform millions (1,000,000) of instructions and even more per second. Therefore, we determine the speed of the computer in terms of a microsecond (10-6 part of a second) or nanosecond (10 to the power -9 part of a second). From this, you can imagine how fast your computer performs work.  Diligence:   A computer is free from tiredness, lack of concentration, fatigue, etc. It can work for hours without creating any errors. If millions of calculations are to be performed, a computer will perform every calculation with the same accuracy. Due to this capability, it overpowers human beings in the

Meaning of the word computer Computer word derived from a Latin word "compute" which means "to calculate" "to count" "to sum up" or "think together". so, in short, the word computer means a device that performs computation". According to Wikipedia computer was first used in a book called "the young mans gleanings" in 1613. Definition - What does  Computer  mean? A computer is an electronic device or machine that can perform arithmetic operations (like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc as well as logical operations (like comparisons). A computer is capable of receiving data or information in the form of input and perform a sequence of operations on it and give output to the user. In simpler words, computers accept data to store it manipulates it and gives a result. A computer is a programmed device with a set of instructions to perform specific tasks and generate results at a very high speed.