DBMS: The database management system, is a generalized software system for manipulating databases. It is basically a computerized record-keeping software system; which stores information and allows users to add, delete, change, retrieve and update that information on demand. ADVANTAGE OF DBMS ARE 1. Minimal data redundancy 2. Program-data independence 3. Efficient data access 4. Improved data sharing 5. Improved data consistency 6. Improved data integrity 7. Improved security 8. Increased productivity of application development 9. Enforcement of standards 10. Economy of scale 11. Balance of conflicting requirement 12. Improved data accessibility and responsiveness DISADVANTAGES OF DBMS ARE 1. Increased complexity 2. Required of new specialized skilled manpower 3. The large size of DBMS 4. Increased installation and management costs. 5. Need for explicit backup and recovery DATA MODELS: Data model is a mechanism that provides an ab
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